- Feeling: a positive or negative reaction to some experience
- Emotion: a stirred up state due to physiological changes which occurs as a response to some event and which tends to maintain or abolish the causative event.
- Mood: the pervasive feeling tone which is sustained (lasts for a length of time) and colours the total experience of the person.
- Affect: is the outward objective expression of the immediate cross-sectional emotion at a given time.
- Euthymia: a normal mood state, neither depressed nor manic.
- Cheerfulness: being in good spirits.
- Perplexity: a state of puzzled bewilderment.
- Anxiety: feeling of apprehension accompanied by autonomic symptoms (such as muscles tension, perspiration and tachycardia), caused by anticipation of danger.
- Free-floating anxiety: diffuse, unfocused anxiety, not attached to a specific danger.
- Fear: anxiety caused by realistic consciously recognized danger.
- Panic: acute, self-limiting, episodic intense attack of anxiety associated with overwhelming dread and autonomic symptoms.
- Phobia: irrational exaggerated fear and avoidance of a specific object, situation or activity.
- Agrophobia: patients rigidly avoids situations in which it would be difficult to obtain help.
- Social phobia - Intense and excessive fear of being observed by other people
- E.g eating or drinking in public or talking to the other member of sex
- Specific phobia: irrational fear of a specific object or stimulus.
- Acrophobia: fear of heights
- Arachnophobia: fear of spiders
- Claustrophobia: fear of closed spaces
- Gamophobia: fear of marriage
- Hemophobia: fear of blood
- Zoophobia: fear of animals
- Agitation: severe feeling of inner tension associated with motor restlessness.
- Irritable mood: easily annoyed and provoked to anger.
- Dysphoria: mixture feelings of sadness and apprehension.
- Depressed mood: feeling of sadness, pessimism and a sense of loneliness.
- Anhedonia: lack of pleasure in acts which are normally pleasurable.
- Diurnal variation: a variation in the severity of symptoms (mood) depending on the time of the day
- Grief: sadness appropriate to a real loss (e.g. death of a relative)
- Guilt: unpleasant emotion secondary to doing what is perceived as wrong.
- Shame: unpleasant emotion secondary to failure to live up to self-expectations.
- Perplexity: anxious mood with bewilderment.
- Ambivalent Mood: coexistence of two opposing emotional tones towards the same object in the same person at the same time.
- Alexithymia: inability to, or difficulty in, expressing one’s own emotions.
- Elevated Mood: a mood more cheerful than usual.
- Elevated Mood:
- Euphoria (Stage I): mild elevation of mood in which feeling of elevated mood with optimism and self-satisfaction not keeping with ongoing events. Usually seen in hypomania.
- Elation (stage II): (Moderate elevation of mood) - a feeling of confidence and enjoyment, along with increased PMA. –a feature of manic illness
- Exaltation (stage III): (severe elevation of mod): intense elation with delusions of grandeur, seen in severe mania.
- Ecstasy (Stage IV): (very severe elevation of mod): a sense of extreme well-being associated with a feeling of rapture, bliss and grace. typically seen in delirious and stuporous mania
- Expansive Mood: expression of euphoria with an overestimation of self-importance.
- Grandiosity: feeling and thinking of great importance (in identity or ability).
- Constricted Affect: significant reduction in the normal emotional responses.
- Flat affect: absence of emotional expression.
- Apathy: lack of emotion, interest or concern, associated with detachment.
- Labile Affect: rapid, abrupt changes in emotions in the same setting, unrelated to external stimuli.
- La Belle Indifference: inappropriate denial of expected affect and lack of concern about physical disability (seen in conversion disorders).
- Inappropriate Affect: disharmony between emotions and the idea, thought, or speech, accompanying it.
- Cyclothymia: There is cyclical mood variation to a lesser degree than in bipolar disorder.

- Psychiatry, Third Edition. Edited by Allan Tasman, Jerald Kay, Jeffrey A. Lieberman, Michael B. First and Mario Maj. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2008.
- Sims, A. Symptoms in the Mind: An Introduction to Descriptive Psychopathology (3rd ed). Elsevier, 2002.
- Fish, F. Clinical Psychopathology, Signs and Symptoms in Psychiatry. Bristol: J. Wright & Sons. 1967.
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