Nursing Path

CARING is the essence of NURSING. -Jean Watson

Nursing Path

Knowing is not enough, we must APPLY. Willing is not enough, we must DO. -Bruce Lee

Nursing Path

Treat the patient as a whole, not just the hole in the patient.

Nursing Path

Success is not final. Failure is not fatal. It is the courage to continue that counts. -Winston Churchill

Nursing Path

A problem is a chance for you to do your best. -Duke Ellington

CNOs lead seasonal tributes to nurses after year of Covid-19

Nursing leaders from across the UK have offered extra poignant seasonal messages of thanks to the profession for their efforts and sacrifices in the year of Covid-19 and the International Year of the Nurse and Midwife. They also highlighted the launch of the coronavirus immunisation…

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Scotland announces appointment of new chief nursing officer

The Scottish Government has named Professor Amanda Croft as the country’s next chief nursing officer. Qualifying as a registered nurse in 1992, Professor Croft (pictured above) went on to become the director of nursing, midwifery and allied health professions and then chief executive at NHS…

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Survey reveals pressures faced by health visitors since Covid-19

Stretched health visitors in England have been left at “breaking point” in the year of Covid-19 amid soaring rates of domestic abuse, poverty and neglect among families, a new survey reveals. The Institute of Health Visiting said it was now clear that more families had…

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Disruption from no-deal Brexit ‘last thing NHS needs’, PM warned

Prime minister Boris Johnson must extend the Brexit transition period or risk plunging the NHS into chaos on 1 January, NHS leaders have warned. The warning comes in a letter to Mr Johnson from the NHS Confederation, which represents NHS leaders from all parts of…

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New resource for community nurses on responding to ‘long Covid’

The Queen's Nursing Institute has published a resource for community nurses caring for patients with ongoing symptoms of Covid-19. The resource was led and developed by community and primary care nurses and builds on a range of experts' experience of dealing with patients with so-called…

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Trust uses funds raised by Captain Tom to create staff ‘recharge hubs’

An NHS trust has opened two new dedicated "recharge hubs" to give staff a quiet space to take a break, thanks to the fundraising efforts of Captain Sir Tom Moore and others earlier in the year. North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust has been…

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NMC post-registration review moves forward but concerns remain

The Nursing and Midwifery Council is moving forward with plans to launch a public consultation next year as part of an ongoing review of post-registration qualifications, which has already proved controversial. The regulator’s post-registration standards steering group has recommended that the proposal to launch a…

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Study shows link between nurse ratios and improved sepsis outcomes

Boosting hospital nurse staffing levels “holds the best promise” for reducing deaths from sepsis, according to a new study based in the US. According to new research published in the American Journal of Infection Control, wide variation in patient-to-nurse ratios across hospitals in New York…

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RCN considers new date of September 2021 for next congress

The Royal College of Nursing is exploring the option of moving its annual conference for 2021 from May to September to increase the chances of members being able to meet in person. The college was forced to cancel its congress event this year, which was…

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Tighter Covid-19 rules backed as ‘right’ move by NHS leadership bodies

Organisations representing health service leaders have described the further Covid-19 restrictions announced by the prime minister today as a “tough but necessary decision”. Responding to the prime minister’s announcement of further Covid-19 restrictions, the bodies NHS Employers and NHS Providers both highlighted the pressure trusts…

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Hancock reveals 2021-22 pay rise for nurses will be ‘unfortunately delayed’

Nurses in the NHS will have to wait until at least May next year for the pay rise they have been promised by the government. Health and social care secretary Matt Hancock today wrote to the NHS Pay Review Body to formally begin pay talks…

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Investigation into NG tube errors calls for ‘standardised staff training’

An investigation into the incorrect placement of nasogastric (NG) tubes found there was “no systemic barriers” to prevent this from happening and that action was needed to improve staff competency training. Hospital staff informing the inquiry also said that guidance on the insertion of NG…

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Specialist trust installs solar panels to reduce carbon footprint

Solar panels have been installed at The Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, as part of an initiative to reduce its carbon footprint. The solar panel project has seen 1,760 solar panels installed across the trust’s main hospital site by ZLC…

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Nurse celebrated for revolutionising support for teen cancer patients

Pioneering nurse consultant Sue Morgan has been honoured with a virtual royal visit as part of an event celebrating 30 years of the Teenage Cancer Trust. The charity pioneered teenage and young adult cancer care, creating a network of 28 specialist units and funding more…

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Government ‘must be clearer’ on risks of Christmas mixing, warns RCN

The Royal College of Nursing has today called on the government to be clearer with the public about the risks of mixing with others this Christmas, as nurses fear an “unrelenting tsunami” of Covid-19 cases in the New Year. This week it was agreed across…

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Nurse views sought for consultation on new A&E waiting targets

Nurses are being asked for their views on proposed new waiting time standards for urgent and emergency NHS care in England. A consultation has been launched this week on the revised measures, which will replace the current requirement on hospitals to admit, transfer or discharge…

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Lincolnshire FT rolls out its first cohort of nursing associates

Nursing associates are being introduced for the first time at sites run by Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust. Following two years of studying and on-the-job learning, 15 nursing associates have qualified and 14 are due to start working at the trust. “I am…

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University gets approval for ‘ground-breaking’ online nursing degree

Coventry University has become the first institution in the UK to have an online nursing degree programme approved, with applications now open to prospective student nurses. In the summer, Health Education England announced that seven universities had signed up to the new “blended learning nursing…

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Data shows diabetes levels in England have trebled in 25 years

The proportion of adults with diagnosed diabetes trebled in England between 1994 and 2019, according to latest research. The findings, which relate to both type 1 and type 2 diabetes, are based on analysis of the latest results from the Health Survey for England 2019,…

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Call for more training on smoking cessation for mental health nurses

Concerns have been raised that mental health nurses are not receiving adequate training to support patients to quit smoking, despite high rates of smoking among people with poor mental health. A report published today by Action on Smoking and Health (ASH) has called for a…

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London’s nursing staff facing ‘harmful harassment and discrimination’

Prevalent and harmful harassment and discrimination is being committed by and against health service staff working at trusts in London, according to findings from a new study. It found women, Black ethnic groups and migrant NHS staff were more likely to experience harassment and discrimination.…

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NMC extends temporary register to support Covid-19 vaccine rollout

The Nursing and Midwifery Council has extended the eligibility for its temporary register in a bid to help support the Covid-19 vaccine roll-out, it has been announced. Nurses and midwives whose registration lapsed between 1 March 2020 and November 2020 will now be able to…

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Latest data confirms ‘record’ rise in nursing students for 2020

End of year figures for 2020 have confirmed that a “record” number of nursing students have been placed onto courses across the UK this year, with large increases in the number of male and mature students. The chief nursing officer for England, Ruth May, said…

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Trust pays tribute to ‘committed, kind and valued’ charge nurse

An acute trust in Essex has confirmed the death of a senior charge nurse who had recently been treated for Covid-19. The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust (PAHT) released a statement on Monday revealing the death of Barclay Mason, a long-standing member of its nursing…

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Health board promotes long-serving senior nurse to top role

NHS Fife has announced the appointment of Janette Owens as the health board’s new director of nursing. In announcing her promotion, NHS Fife commended the leadership shown by Ms Owens during the coronavirus pandemic this year. “I have seen first-hand the leadership she has shown…

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London university to launch new post-doctoral pilot for nurses

A London university is set to pilot a new post-doctoral bridging scheme that aims to support nurses, midwives and allied health professionals to develop their clinical academic careers after completing a PhD. Those behind the scheme told Nursing Times they hoped it would bring benefits…

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Rule changes means more gay and bisexual men can give blood

A “landmark” change to blood donation rules will enable more gay and bisexual men to donate blood in the future, the government has announced. The new criteria focuses on individual behaviours and lifts a blanket deferral for any men who have had sex with men…

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Practice nurses in England to begin giving Covid-19 jab this week

General practices in more than 100 parts of the country are taking delivery of the vaccine today, with some having started their clinics this afternoon and the majority starting on Tuesday. According to NHS England and Improvement, groups of health providers are setting up local…

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Concern for nurses in Wales as Covid-19 cases rise at ‘alarming rate’

Nurses in Wales are “exhausted, stressed and nearing burnout”, with great concerns about the impact of Christmas and what January will bring, unions have warned in the wake of latest government attempts to reduce pressures. As coronavirus cases continue to rise across the country at…

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Funding for research into impact of Covid redeployment on nurses

Studies on the effect of nursing staff being redeployed during the Covid-19 crisis are among a group of research projects into the long-term impacts of coronavirus that will receive national investment. The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) has announced a £5.5m investment into nine…

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Nurses faced with ‘rotten and insect-ridden’ PPE during first wave

A former director of nursing at a London hospital has spoken out about how she received “rotten” and insect-ridden personal protective equipment (PPE) during the first wave of the coronavirus pandemic. Dr Emily McWhirter, a senior nurse and member of the Royal College of Nursing,…

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Nurse’s cardiac arrest inspires community’s quest for defibrillators

A nurse who survived a cardiac arrest thanks to her paramedic husband’s quick-thinking intervention has inspired a community’s quest for extra defibrillators. Cerys Wilkins (above, left), 48, collapsed without warning at her home in Pentrebach, South Wales, in October. “I’ve been overwhelmed by the community’s…

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England deputy CNO to become new RCN director for Scotland

The Royal College of Nursing has announced the appointment of Susan Aitkenhead as its new director for Scotland. Ms Aitkenhead will join the RCN next month from her current role as deputy chief nursing officer for England. A registered nurse for 33 years, she trained…

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Nursing Research Quiz Series - 24



Nursing Research Quiz Series - 25

Nursing Research Quiz Series - 24

Pay lost by striking Northern Ireland nurses to be reimbursed

Northern Ireland’s health minister Robin Swann has announced that pay deductions for industrial action by health service workers in late 2019 and early 2020 will be reimbursed. “I am pleased that my recommendation on this matter was agreed by the executive on Tuesday” Robin Swann…

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Healthcare workers ‘seven times as likely to have severe Covid-19’

Healthcare workers are more than seven times as likely to have severe Covid-19 infection than those in non-essential job roles, while social care workers are more than twice as likely, a new study has shown. Authors of the research, published in the BMJ Occupational and…

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Shropshire maternity crisis: Mothers ‘not listened to and blamed for their loss’

Maternity staff blamed mothers for the deaths of their babies and failed to treat patients with kindness and compassion at a Shropshire hospital trust, a review has found. Today marks the publication of the first report from the Independent Review of Maternity Services at the…

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HCA nominated for two major book prizes after penning debut novel

Healthcare assistant and published novelist Sairish Hussain has been nominated for a second major book prize in a matter of months. “I want to thank the judges for choosing The Family Tree. It is a dream come true” Sairish Hussain Ms Hussain, part of the…

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International leaders produce 10-point plan for supporting older nurses

International nursing leaders have today published a 10-point plan aimed at improving support for older nurses and helping them to continue in work. The new report, titled: Ageing Well? Policies to Support Older Nurses at Work, focuses on the necessary action required for an ageing…

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Nursing Management Quiz Series - 22

Asbestos-related cancer nurses appointed for opposite ends of country

New specialist nurses for asbestos-related cancer have been appointed to cover parts of both Essex and West and North Yorkshire. Angela Goldfinch (above) has been appointed as a new Mesothelioma UK clinical nurse specialist for Mid and South Essex NHS Foundation Trust. “This is the…

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Welsh Government reveals student nurse rise in three specialties

The Welsh Government has announced additional student nurse places for adult, children and mental health nursing – but has so far failed to confirm a rise in numbers for learning disabilities. “We have continued to invest in the education and training of healthcare professionals in…

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New IPC simulation suite to be launched for NHS staff training

A new simulation suite is set to open in Hertfordshire to offer “bespoke” training for NHS nurses and other health professionals working in infection prevention and control (IPC). The training facility, which has been funded and launched by IPC specialist GAMA Healthcare, will consist of…

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Government’s 50,000 more nurses target ‘insufficient for growing demand’

The government’s pledge for 50,000 more nurses in England by 2025 will be “insufficient” to meet growing demand, especially in the wake of the coronavirus pandemic, analysis from a leading health think tank has shown. A report published today by the Health Foundation has laid…

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Nursing Education Quiz Series - 17

Tributes to Bristol nurse and mentor following death with Covid-19

A “much-loved” accident and emergency nurse, who had been looked up to as a mentor by nursing colleagues at his trust, has died with Covid-19. Rob Healey had worked for North Bristol NHS Trust for 20 years and was described by colleagues as a “true…

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Survey launched for documentary on nursing and workplace racism

A new survey has been launched to help inform an upcoming documentary on nurse experiences of workplace racism, both during and before the coronavirus pandemic. The research is being carried out by Sheffield Hallam University as part of a project it is running in partnership…

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Matron ‘honoured’ to administer first Covid-19 vaccine in UK

A matron from University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust made history today by administering the first Covid-19 vaccination under the UK campaign. At just after 6.30am, senior nurse May Parsons gave 90-year-old Margaret Keenan the jab at University Hospital, Coventry. “It’s a huge honour…

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Deborah Sturdy appointed as first chief nurse for adult social care

The government has today named Professor Deborah Sturdy as England’s first-ever chief nurse for adult social care. Professor Sturdy, who is a member of the Nursing Times editorial advisory board, will begin in her new role on 21 December and will be employed by the…

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Prostate cancer charity seeking nurses for leadership programme

Nurses with an ambition to transform prostate cancer care are being offered help to bring their ideas to life through a new leadership programme. The first-of-its-kind scheme, by Prostate Cancer UK, aims to develop “clinical champions” in the field who will be supported to deliver…

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Matron illustrates ‘uphill journey’ of second wave in charity painting

A matron who is also a working artist has created a painting to “capture the mood” of the second wave of the coronavirus pandemic – and is donating proceeds to care services in her local area. Sending Love by Vicki Davidson has gone on display…

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Medical-surgical Nursing Quiz Series - 22

Microbiology Quiz Series - 21

Fundamental of Nursing Quiz Series - 19

New campaign highlights nurse role in joining up dementia services

A new campaign by Dementia UK is calling for a fresh approach to dementia care that has specialist nurses “at the heart”. Only Together has been launched off the back of new research carried out by the charity showing that families affected by dementia are…

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Betsi Cadwaladr artwork a ‘superb tribute’ to nurses in Wales

A pop art collage of Welsh nursing icon Betsi Cadwaladr made up of the faces of current-day nurse leaders in the country has gone on display to mark 2020 being the International Year of the Nurse and Midwife. The work has been created by Welsh…

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Nurse specialists help sound the alarm over chest drain risks

Respiratory nurse specialists are urging hospitals to ensure they are following best practice in relation to pleural effusion chest drains, following two patient deaths. The Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialists (ARNS) is working with NHS leaders and other experts to highlight the risks to patients…

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NHS England boss tells nurses ‘2020 has still been your year’

The chief executive of NHS England has said 2020 has “undoubtedly” been the ‘year of the nurse and midwife’ despite official commemorations being toned down due to the coronavirus pandemic. Sir Simon Stevens today used his keynote address at the annual Nursing Times Workforce Summit…

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New blended learning nursing degree offers real flexibility

The new blended learning nursing degree at the University of Huddersfield offers students a fully interactive programme using a digital strategy The University of Huddersfield has been selected by Health Education England to play a vital role in solving the country’s nurse shortage by pioneering…

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Covid-19: Care staff ‘silenced’ over inappropriate DNACPR orders

Concerns raised by care home staff about inappropriate or unlawful do not attempt cardiopulmonary resuscitation (DNACPR) orders during the coronavirus pandemic have gone ignored, the Care Quality Commission has warned. Interim findings from an ongoing CQC review have revealed evidence that DNACPR decisions have been…

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Winners of the Nursing Times Workforce Awards 2020 unveiled

The winners of this year’s Nursing Times Workforce Awards have been revealed during a virtual ceremony held on 2 December. Our winners of our annual celebration of all things related to nurse staffing were announced during a free, virtual event broadcast online. If you missed…

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News round-up: Catch-up on November’s major nursing stories

Miss any of the news affecting the profession during November 2020? Catch up with our monthly summary of the main nursing headlines, as reported by Nursing Times. Read the news in briefs below and simply click on the link underneath to see the full story.…

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English CNO updates her national priorities for nursing

The chief nursing officer for England has outlined her latest priorities heading into 2021 and has paid tribute to the efforts and contribution of nurses during the coronavirus pandemic. Speaking at the Nursing Times Workforce Summit on Wednesday, Ruth May confirmed that her new priorities…

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Anatomy and Physiology Quiz Series - 21




NCLEX Quiz Series

Anatomy and Physiology

Blood  C        Components of blood Red Blood Cell (RBC)   White Blood Cell (WBC)            Immunoglobulin (Ig) & Immunity      Platelets          Bleeding profile            Blood group    Cardiovascular SystemC Heart                    Chamber of hear                        Heart valve & Heart sound                 Conduct system          ECG            Blood Pressure           Blood vessels  Endocrine SystemC Concept of Endocrine system       Pituitary gland Thyroid gland Parathyroid gland       Pancreatic Islets   Adrenalin gland          Urinary SystemC       Concept of urinary system            Bladder           Male Reproductive System   Skin     Eye      Nervous SystemC            Structure        Meninges        Parts of Brain  Spinal Cord     Cranial Nerves             Respiratory SystemC Basic Structure           Lungs   Respiratory Process            Lung Function Test     Digestive SystemC    Basic Structure           Mouth or Oral Cavity      Oesophagus and Stomach      Intestine         Pancreas         Liver            Miscellaneous Term   Skeleton SystemC     Basic Structure           Vertebral Column           Skull    Appendicular Skeleton           Joint    Cell and TissueC        Cell            Tissue              Muscle Tissue DNA and Chromosome          Miscellaneous

Fundamental of Nursing

Fluid Balance & Imbalance     Acid-base Balance and Imbalance     Electrolytes Balance & Imbalance  Blood Transfusion      Oxygen Administration          IV Infusion            Administration of Medication Lab Specimen Positions         Diagnostic Tools            Vital SignsC    Temperature Pulse   Respiration     Blood Pressure            Heat & Cold Application         Diarrhoea and Constipation   Enema Body Mechanism     Unconscious (GCS) & Dying Patient   Pre & Post Operative Nursing            Barrier Nursing           Nursing Process          Tracheostomy, ET Intubation            Nasogastric Lavage & Gavage Orthopaedic Procedure like Traction or            Bandages etc. Lumber Puncture        Paracentesis & Chest Drainage System            Urinary Catheterization & Irrigation  Bed Sore & Wound Care        Wound Care                Other Miscellaneous Procedure                    Nursing Theory, Ethics & As a Profession           Hospital Set up

Medical – Surgical Nursing

Blood  C Anaemia     Haemophilia   Leukemia        Hodgkin’s Disease            Cardiovascular SystemC Hypertension       Myocardial Infarction (Cardiac Indicator of MI)           ECG changes in MI      Medical Management of MI   Risk factor of MI & CAD    Angina Heart failure   Shock  Cardiac arrest & Heart Block  Ventricular Flutter, Fibrillation, Tachycardia        Valvular Defect           Venous Insufficiency            Vascular Disorder       Embolism,       Thromboembolism, DIC & DVT            Carditis           Endocrine SystemC  Hypo & Hyperthyroidism       Cushing’s Syndrome & Addison’s Disease         Pheochromocytoma   Diabetes Inspidus            Diabetes Mellitus (DM)          DKA (Diabetic Ketoacidosis)   Urinary SystemC            Renal calculi                Renal failure   Nephrotic Syndrome            Glomerulonephritis    BPH     UTI      Miscellaneous            SkinC Burn            Other Skin disorder

EyeC  Cataract & Glaucoma Nervous SystemC                 Meningitis      Epilepsy            Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS)          CVA or Stroke Parkinsonism  Bell’s Palsy            Myasthenia Gravis                 Trigeminal Neuralgia  Head Injury     Spinal Injury              Brain Tumour Miscellaneous Respiratory SystemC COPD               Epistaxis                     Pneumonia     ARDS   Pneumothorax           Other Miscellaneous Disorder         Digestive SystemC    Liver Disorder Hepatitis            Pancreatic Disorder    Disorder of Biliary System      Gastroenteritis, Gastritis and Peptic & Duodenal Ulcer Inflammatory Bowel Disorder (Ulcerative Colitis and Crohn’s Disease)         Haemorrhoids Appendicitis               Other Intestinal Disorder                        Other Miscellaneous  Metabolism    Skeleton SystemC     Fracture            Osteoporosis  Osteomyelitis Arthritis          Oncology

Growth & Development

Concept of growth and development             Play     Common Health Problem of new born    Respiratory Distress   KMC in Hypothermia  Fontanel Breast feeding            APGAR Score   Physiological and Pathological Jaundice        Preterm and Post Term New Born          Developmental Milestone     Reflex

Child Health Nursing

Introduction to Child Health Nursing Chromosomal & Other Congenital Disorder            Central Nervous System        Cardiovascular DisorderC    Tetralogy of Fallot            Rheumatic Fever         Gastrointestinal DisorderC  Pyloric Stenosis            Celiac Disease Intussusception          Diarrhea          Megacolon            Phenylketonuria         Cleft Lip & Palate        Respiratory Disorder Genito-Urinary Disorder

Mental Health Nursing

Introduction to Mental Health          Psychopathology        Models of Care (ECT)            PsychopharmacologyC        Anti-Psychotic Mood Stabilizer (Lithium)                  Antidepressant           Sedative-Hypnotic Drug         Other Miscellaneous Drugs

Psychotherapy            Therapeutic communication  Psychiatric DisordersC            Schizophrenia BPD or Affective Disorder (Mania or Depression)     Phobia            Eating Disorder           Substance Abuse        Personality Disorder   Dementia & Delirium (Organic Disorder)                       Grief    Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADH) or any Other Childhood Developmental Disorder   Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)    Anxiety Disorder         Other Miscellaneous Disorders

Community Health Nursing

Vaccination     Cold chain       BCG     Polio Vaccine  MMR   Vitamin           Other Miscellaneous Vaccine           Level of Prevention    Health promotion      Mother Child Health (MCH)    Health Communication          Contraceptives            Demography and Epidemiology                     Mortality and Morbidity            Indicator of health     Epidemiological Term Bio-Medical Waste     HFA, Health Delivery System and PHC        Health Planning in India Including National, International Health Agencies & Professional Bodies           National Health Programme     Environmental Hygiene          Occupational Health  Disaster Management  Vital Health Statistics Home visit      Miscellaneous

Communicable Diseases

Measles          Chickenpox     AIDS    Typhoid          Diphtheria and Shick Test            Tuberculosis               Malaria           Polio    Cholera           Mumps            Dengue           Rabies Leprosy           Whooping Cough (Pertusis)   STD            Plague Kala azar         Other Communicable diseases          Nutrition

Introduction to Nutrition                   Lipids              Protein Carbohydrate Vitamins            Vitamin A        Vitamin B Complex                 Vitamin C        Vitamin D            Vitamin E        Vitamin K        Minerals         National Nutritional Programme            PEM     Miscellaneous

Maternal Nursing

Female Reproductive System Gynaecology   Pelvis               Fetal Head      Position, Presentation, Lie, Attitude and Embryonic Development     Placenta, Amniotic Fluid, Umbilical Cord and Fetal Circulation Normal Pregnancy                  Complication related to Pregnancy, DM During Pregnancy APH (Placenta Previa & Placenta Abruptia)        Abortion         Ectopic Pregnancy      Molar Pregnancy or Hydatidiform Mole   Rh Incompatibility      Twin Pregnancy         Labour Puerperium and its Complication (PPH)    Lochia Surgical Obstetric

Psychology and Sociology

Introduction to Psychology    Ego Defence Mechanism        Maslow’s Hierarchy of Need   Intelligence and their Test      Personality     Emotion          Learning            Miscellaneous

SociologyC    Introduction to sociology                   Marriage         Family

Microbiology

Sterilization    Infection         Microorganism

Pharmacology

Introduction to Pharmacology           NSAID              Opiates           Antibiotic            Poisoning, Antidote & Anaphylactic Reaction           Emergency Drugs            Body Mass Index (BMI)           Diuretic           Miscellaneous

Nursing Education

Introduction to Education & Philosophy       Teaching-Learning Process     Method of Teaching         Instructional Media (AV Aids) Measurement and Evaluation Other Miscellaneous Issue

Nursing Management & Administration

Introduction to Management & Administration       Quality Assurance & Audit            Delegation      Leadership      Span of Control          Supervision     Material Management (Inventory)       Financial Management (Budgeting)   Human Resource Management  Job Description           Record and Report     Ward Management            Other Miscellaneous Issue

Nursing Research and Statistics

Introduction to Nursing Research      Hypothesis     Types of Research Approach/Design       Research Variables     Sampling         Research Tools            Review of Literature   Other Miscellaneous Issue of Research Process            Statistics         Reliability and Validity           Scales of Measurement            Other Issues of Statistics