Description
- Intravenous Solutions are used in fluid replacement therapy by changing the composition of the serum by adding fluids and electrolytes.
Type
|
Description
|
Osmolality
|
Use
|
Miscellaneous
|
Normal Saline (NS)
| 0.9% NaCl in WaterCrystalloid Solution |
Isotonic
(308 mOsm)
| Increases circulating plasma volume when red cells are adequate |
|
1/2 Normal Saline (1/2 NS)
| 0.45% NaCl in WaterCrystalloid Solution |
Hypotonic
(154 mOsm)
| Raises total fluid volume |
|
Lactated Ringer’s (LR)
| Normal saline with electrolytes and buffer |
Isotonic
(275 mOsm)
| Replaces fluid and buffers pH |
|
D5W
| Dextrose 5% in water Crystalloid solution |
Isotonic (in the bag)
*Physiologically hypotonic
(260 mOsm)
| Raises total fluid volume.Helpful in rehydrating and excretory purposes. |
|
D5NS
| Dextrose 5% in 0.9% saline |
Hypertonic
(560 mOsm)
| Replaces fluid sodium, chloride, and calories. |
|
D5 1/2 NS
| Dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline |
Hypertonic
(406 mOsm)
| Useful for daily maintenance of body fluids and nutrition, and for rehydration. |
|
D5LR
| Dextrose 5% in Lactated Ringer’s |
Hypertonic
(575 mOsm)
| Same as LR plus provides about 180 calories per 1000cc’s. |
|
Normosol-R
| Normosol |
Isotonic
(295 mOsm)
| Replaces fluid and buffers pH |
|
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